新疆工藝品及生活用品特產哈薩克族的馬鞭

　　哈薩克族的馬鞭

　　(本站編(bian)輯8tdc.com.cn)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)鞭(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)，哈薩克語稱為(wei)“喀姆齊”，乘馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)時(shi)作(zuo)為(wei)抽打馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)匹(pi)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)，主(zhu)(zhu)要產于伊(yi)犁、阿勒(le)泰等哈薩克人居(ju)住的(de)(de)(de)地方(fang)。馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)鞭(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)的(de)(de)(de)長(chang)短不一(yi)(yi)(yi)，種類很(hen)多，大約20余種，傳統馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)鞭(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)主(zhu)(zhu)要原料用(yong)(yong)(yong)牛(niu)、馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)、駱駝和(he)(he)羊的(de)(de)(de)皮(pi)(pi)革(ge)(ge)以及銅(tong)、銀(yin)、鐵等金(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)些馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)鞭(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)還(huan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)上了塑料制(zhi)品(pin)。馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)鞭(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)的(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)(zhu)要品(pin)種有(you)木(mu)柄(bing)(bing)(bing)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)鞭(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)、皮(pi)(pi)柄(bing)(bing)(bing)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)鞭(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)、鐵柄(bing)(bing)(bing)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)鞭(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)及金(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)和(he)(he)皮(pi)(pi)革(ge)(ge)混(hun)合柄(bing)(bing)(bing)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)鞭(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)。每個哈薩克牧(mu)民的(de)(de)(de)聚集區都(dou)有(you)都(dou)有(you)專門制(zhi)作(zuo)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)鞭(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)的(de)(de)(de)人，馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)鞭(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)的(de)(de)(de)花(hua)樣也很(hen)多。木(mu)柄(bing)(bing)(bing)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)鞭(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)也是(shi)簡易的(de)(de)(de)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)鞭(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)，較講究(jiu)的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)革(ge)(ge)柄(bing)(bing)(bing)和(he)(he)革(ge)(ge)鐵混(hun)和(he)(he)柄(bing)(bing)(bing)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)鞭(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)。好的(de)(de)(de)革(ge)(ge)柄(bing)(bing)(bing)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)鞭(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)從(cong)把(ba)到鞭(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)全(quan)部用(yong)(yong)(yong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)張牛(niu)皮(pi)(pi)編(bian)成，既(ji)柔軟(ruan)又結實，平(ping)時(shi)可放在(zai)口袋內(nei)或靴筒里，使用(yong)(yong)(yong)方(fang)便。有(you)的(de)(de)(de)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)鞭(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)用(yong)(yong)(yong)紅柳木(mu)或牛(niu)、羊角做(zuo)把(ba)柄(bing)(bing)(bing)，上面還(huan)鑲(xiang)嵌(qian)銀(yin)、銅(tong)、鐵金(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)條，并(bing)組(zu)成圖案，顯(xian)得(de)精美而富麗(li);有(you)的(de)(de)(de)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)鞭(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)柄(bing)(bing)(bing)把(ba)中間(jian)鑲(xiang)鐵棍(gun)，鞭(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)柄(bing)(bing)(bing)把(ba)與鞭(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)的(de)(de)(de)連(lian)接處有(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)串串鐵環，使用(yong)(yong)(yong)時(shi)“鈴(ling)鈴(ling)”作(zuo)響(xiang)，十分別致(zhi);有(you)的(de)(de)(de)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)鞭(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)中還(huan)藏有(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)把(ba)刀，刀柄(bing)(bing)(bing)就是(shi)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)鞭(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)的(de)(de)(de)把(ba)柄(bing)(bing)(bing)，把(ba)柄(bing)(bing)(bing)上雕或鏤(lou)有(you)花(hua)紋，并(bing)鑲(xiang)嵌(qian)有(you)金(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)品(pin)和(he)(he)有(you)機玻璃的(de)(de)(de)裝飾(shi)品(pin)，顯(xian)得(de)華麗(li)。這種刀鞘(qiao)合一(yi)(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)鞭(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)，對(dui)牧(mu)民來說用(yong)(yong)(yong)途很(hen)多，使用(yong)(yong)(yong)也很(hen)方(fang)便。馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)鞭(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)對(dui)牧(mu)民來說，不僅(jin)是(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)件(jian)驅趕牲畜的(de)(de)(de)工具，同時(shi)，也是(shi)牧(mu)民身上的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)件(jian)裝飾(shi)品(pin)，也是(shi)向人們(men)炫耀的(de)(de)(de)愛(ai)物和(he)(he)精美的(de)(de)(de)工藝品(pin)。(本文結束)