新疆工藝品及生活用品——阿不都與其拉布其

　　阿不都與其拉布其

　　(本站編輯8tdc.com.cn) 阿(a)不都(dou)與其(qi)(qi)拉(la)布其(qi)(qi)是(shi)維吾爾(er)語，意為洗手(shou)壺(hu)(hu)與接(jie)(jie)水(shui)(shui)(shui)盆，主要產與伊犁(li)和(he)喀什等(deng)地(di)。洗手(shou)壺(hu)(hu)和(he)接(jie)(jie)水(shui)(shui)(shui)盆是(shi)維吾爾(er)、哈薩克(ke)、塔吉克(ke)、柯爾(er)克(ke)孜等(deng)民族家(jia)中(zhong)必備(bei)的(de)(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)品(pin)(pin)，但(dan)(dan)以(yi)維吾爾(er)族工(gong)藝(yi)(yi)匠(jiang)制作的(de)(de)(de)最為精美(mei)，并成為維吾爾(er)族的(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)統工(gong)藝(yi)(yi)品(pin)(pin)之一。洗手(shou)壺(hu)(hu)與接(jie)(jie)水(shui)(shui)(shui)盆有(you)銅制和(he)陶(tao)制兩(liang)種，除家(jia)庭用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)之外(wai)，清真寺也用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)來供教徒做禮拜之前(qian)“凈向”和(he)“凈水(shui)(shui)(shui)”之用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。洗手(shou)壺(hu)(hu)和(he)接(jie)(jie)水(shui)(shui)(shui)盆做工(gong)十(shi)分精細(xi)，但(dan)(dan)不是(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)機械(xie)生(sheng)(sheng)產，主要靠手(shou)工(gong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)鐵錘、木錘將銅板敲(qiao)煉打制成，并進行焊接(jie)(jie)、磨(mo)光、刻花(hua)(hua)等(deng)工(gong)藝(yi)(yi)，全過(guo)程不用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)圖紙，不用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)模具，全靠藝(yi)(yi)人(ren)匠(jiang)師精心(xin)構思和(he)熟練(lian)技(ji)巧(qiao)。洗手(shou)壺(hu)(hu)的(de)(de)(de)品(pin)(pin)種有(you)七八種之多(duo)，大小不一，但(dan)(dan)均(jun)無把手(shou)，使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)時手(shou)握壺(hu)(hu)頸，稍微傾斜，水(shui)(shui)(shui)便溢出(chu)。接(jie)(jie)水(shui)(shui)(shui)盆肚身(shen)較小，但(dan)(dan)盆沿(yan)很大，沿(yan)于肚的(de)(de)(de)比例可成為3：1.盆沿(yan)向中(zhong)心(xin)傾斜30度，是(shi)其(qi)(qi)洗手(shou)的(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)被接(jie)(jie)入盆內。水(shui)(shui)(shui)通過(guo)菱(ling)形小孔流入盆中(zhong)，使(shi)人(ren)看(kan)不到洗過(guo)手(shou)的(de)(de)(de)臟(zang)(zang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)，又(you)不使(shi)臟(zang)(zang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)濺出(chu)，十(shi)分衛(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)。盆蓋是(shi)帶活頁的(de)(de)(de)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)隨滿隨倒，非常方便。洗手(shou)壺(hu)(hu)脖細(xi)肚大猶(you)如花(hua)(hua)瓶，接(jie)(jie)水(shui)(shui)(shui)盆似扁(bian)平的(de)(de)(de)臉盆，這一高一短、一胖(pang)一瘦，兩(liang)相配合，十(shi)分有(you)趣。阿(a)不都(dou)與其(qi)(qi)拉(la)布其(qi)(qi)上(shang)面還飾(shi)有(you)花(hua)(hua)紋(wen)，多(duo)以(yi)軟花(hua)(hua)紋(wen)的(de)(de)(de)纏枝花(hua)(hua)卉構成，多(duo)取材(cai)于巴(ba)(ba)旦木、卡巴(ba)(ba)可古力(葫蘆(lu)花(hua)(hua))、阿(a)娜爾(er)古麗(li)(石榴花(hua)(hua))、托特庫拉(la)克(ke)古麗(li)(四瓣花(hua)(hua))等(deng)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)幾何形紋(wen)飾(shi)做陪襯，富有(you)濃(nong)郁的(de)(de)(de)民族特色。阿(a)不都(dou)與其(qi)(qi)不拉(la)其(qi)(qi)結(jie)實耐(nai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，不生(sheng)(sheng)銹(xiu)，一般可用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)上(shang)幾代人(ren)。(本文結(jie)束)